Let’s say an environmental scientist is studying whether exposure to air pollution is associated with lower birth weights in a particular county. They might train a machine-learning model to estimate the magnitude of this association, since machine-learning methods are especially good at learning complex relationships. Standard machine-learning methods excel at making predictions and sometimes provide uncertainties, like confidence intervals, for these predictions. However, they generally don’t provide estimates or confidence intervals when determining whether two variables are related. Other methods have been developed specifically to address this association problem and provide confidence intervals. But, in spatial settings, MIT researchers found […]

MIT researchers have developed a new fabrication method that could enable the production of more energy efficient electronics by stacking multiple functional components on top of one existing circuit. In traditional circuits, logic devices that perform computation, like transistors, and memory devices that store data are built as separate components, forcing data to travel back and forth between them, which wastes energy. This new electronics integration platform allows scientists to fabricate transistors and memory devices in one compact stack on a semiconductor chip. This eliminates much of that wasted energy while boosting the speed of computation. Key to this advance […]

Quantum computing (QC) and AI have one thing in common: They make mistakes. There are two keys to handling mistakes in QC: We’ve made tremendous progress in error correction in the last year. And QC focuses on problems where generating a solution is extremely difficult, but verifying it is easy. Think about factoring 2048-bit prime numbers (around 600 decimal digits). That’s a problem that would take years on a classical computer, but a quantum computer can solve it quickly—with a significant chance of an incorrect answer. So you have to test the result by multiplying the factors to see if […]